Manual
Intraocular pressure
The Eye Exam
Intraocular pressure
Goldmann, Tono-Pen and iCare.
- Normal 10–21 mmHg; diurnal variation up to 3–5 mmHg.
- Goldmann applanation (gold standard): fluorescein + anesthetic, cobalt blue, align mires so inner edges touch.
- Tono-Pen / iCare: portable; iCare needs no anesthetic (children).
- Do not apply pressure to the globe; avoid in suspected open globe.
Never check IOP with pressure on a possibly ruptured globe.
Educational summary — follow local protocols and current guidelines.